Monday 29 August 2022

Bhagvan Buddha: ~ Do not believe in anything merely on the authority of your teachers and elders.

All accumulated bookish knowledge is only intellectual wealth. Intellectual wealth is mental garbage Lecture consisting of a shower of ornamental words, the skill in expounding the accumulated bookish knowledge, and likewise erudition - these merely bring on a little personal enjoyment to the scholar, but it is not Advaitic Gnana or wisdom of Sage Sankara. 
The accumulated scriptural and bookish knowledge is useless so long as the highest truth is unknown, and it is equally useless when the highest truth has already been known. Hence the seeker should earnestly set about knowing the true nature of the Self.
To get rid of ignorance, the only remedy is the Advaitic wisdom or Self-knowledge or Brahma Gnana or Atma Gnana. There is no need to study the scriptures in order to get rid of ignorance.

The scriptures themselves suggest scriptures are not needed to acquire Self-knowledge. Without direct realization, one cannot be liberated from experiencing the illusory universe as reality.

Bhagvan Buddha: ~ Do not believe in anything merely on the authority of your teachers and elders.

What is God in actuality?
“Where is God?”
People say how God is everywhere, but they do not know because they are holding their religious propagated belief of God. The religious propagated God is limited to a particular religion, community sect and creed cannot be universal. The believers of the other religion, community sect, and creed will not accept any other God as their own other than their inherited accepted idea of God.
The world in which you exist is not separate from God because the world in which you exist is created out of God in truth. God is not imagination whatever you think of God is imagination based on the false self within the false experience.
Chandogya Upanishad: ~ Sarvam khalvidam brahma ~ all this (universe) is verily Brahman. By following back all of the relative appearances in the world, we eventually return to that from which it is all manifest – the non-dual reality.
Sage Sankara’s Supreme Brahman (God in truth) is impersonal, Nirguna (without Gunas or attributes), Nirakara (formless), Nirvisesha (without special characteristics), immutable, eternal, and Akarta (non-agent). It is above all needs and desires. It is always the Witnessing Subject. It can never become an object as It is beyond the reach of the senses. Brahman is non-dual, one without a second. It has no other besides it. It is destitute of difference, either external or internal. Brahman cannot be described because description implies a distinction. Brahman cannot be distinguished from any other than It. In Brahman, there is not distinction between substance and attribute. Sat-Chit-Ananda constitutes the very essence or Svarupa of Brahman and not just Its attributes. The Nirguna Brahman of Sage Sankara is impersonal.
Sage Sankara: ~"That which permeates all, which nothing transcends and which, like the universal space around us, fills everything completely from within and without, that Supreme non-dual Brahman (God in truth)."
Lord Krishna Says Ch ~V: ~ “Those who know the Self in truth.". The last two words (tattvataha) are usually ignored by pundits, but they make all the difference between the ordinary concept of God and the truth about God.
Bhagavad Gita: ~ Brahmano hi pratisthaham ~ Brahman (God in truth) is considered the all-pervading consciousness, which is the basis of all the animate and inanimate entities and material. (14.27).
When Bhagavad Gita says, God is considered the all-pervading consciousness which is the basis of all the animate and inanimate entities and material then nothing has to be accepted as God other than consciousness.
Lord Krishna says Ch ~V: ~ “Those who know the Self in truth.". The last two words (tattvataha) are usually ignored by pundits, but they make all the difference between the ordinary concept of God and the truth about God.
The dualistic worship of "God” is only for the ignorant populace. The God in truth is only Atman, the Self. In reality, there is no duality, no differentiation. Only Atman exists.

The Vedas confirm God is Atman (Spirit), the Self.

Yajurveda – chapter- 32:~ God is Supreme Spirit.
If God is a formless Spirit, then how does man know God created the world? There is no proof. If man had seen God creating the world, he could admit it, but how could he have seen God before he came into existence? (i.e. were created).
Rig Veda: ~ 'Prajnanam Brahma'- Consciousness is the ultimate reality or Brahman or God in truth.

God in truth is the Atman, the Self. Atman is present in the form of consciousness.

Do not accept any other God other than Atman not worship other than Atman.

Let these words be inscribed in your subconscious.

Nothing is real but God. Nothing Matters but love for God in truth. God in truth is everywhere and in everything.

God in truth is hidden by the illusory universe. God in truth alone is and all else is an illusion.
Rig Veda: ~ The Atman is the cause; Atman is the support of all that exists in this universe. May ye never turn away from the Atman, the Self. May ye never accept another God in place of the Atman nor worship other than the Atman?" (10:48, 5)
Rig-Veda 1-164-46 and Y.V 32-1 clearly mention that God is “One”.
Rig Veda declares God is ‘ONE’ and God is Atman, then why believe and worship in place of God in truth?
Brihad Upanishad: ~ “If you think there is another entity, whether man or God there is no truth."
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad: ~ Brahman (God) is the form of the Athma, and it is indeed Athma itself.
People who are saying ‘I AM GOD’ are hallucinating that they become God. First, you must know what is God.
Thus, truth-realization is self-realization. Self-realization is God-realization. God -realization is real worship. : ~ Santthosh Kumaar

Those Gurus who indulge head and heart game keep you in the prison of emotions. The emotion belongs to ignorance.+

The Self is not within the human heart. The illusory universe in which you exist hides the Soul, the Self, which is the Spiritual heart. The Soul, the Self is the cause of the illusory universe in which you exist.

You are not the ‘Self’ because you are mortal. You are mortal because you are bound by the experience of birth, life, death, and the world.

The ‘Self’ is the Soul, which is present in the form of consciousness and is immortal because it is ever formless, timeless, and spaceless existence.

The Soul, the Self is the Source of the illusory universe form where it rises and subsides.

Sage Sankara: ~ VC~"All this universe which through ignorance appears as of diverse forms, is nothing else but Brahman (consciousness) which is absolutely free from all the limitations of Maya.

Sage Sankara: ~VC~ if the universe be true, let it then be perceived in the state of deep sleep also. As it is not at all perceived, it must be unreal and false like dreams.

Ashtavakra Gita: ~ The universe rises from the Soul, the Self like bubbles from the sea. Thus, know the Self to be One and in this way enter into the state of dissolution."

Those who are stuck up with their head and hearts will not be able to unfold the mystery of their true existence.

When you realize the Self is not the body then the question of the Self is within the heart does not arise. The poets use the word heart to indicate the center of existence.

When the whole universe is created out of the Soul, Self, which is present in the form of the consciousness still you are thinking the Self is within the human heart you are not a wise seeker.

Those Gurus who indulge in head and heart games keep you in the prison of emotions. The emotion belongs to ignorance.

Some gurus propagate the Nadi you refer to is called Amrita Nadi. It connects the Spiritual Heart with the Sahasrara. It is best to merge in the Heart and then see that the Heart is beyond time and space.

But remember:~

When the ‘Self’ is not the body then the question of the Nadi or Amrita Nadi or Sahasrara does not arise. Until we think the ‘Self’ is within the body it is impossible to cross the threshold of dualistic illusion. A deeper self-search reveals the fact that the ‘Self’ is not the body why bring Nadi, and chakras when they are part and parcel of the body?

A deeper self-search reveals the fact that the ‘Self’ is neither the body nor the ‘I’. Thus, one has to go beyond the ‘I’ means beyond the illusory form, time, and space. : ~ Santthosh Kumaar

Sunday 28 August 2022

All your opinion, judgment, and argument based on a dualistic perspective, are nothing but ignorance not concerned with the truth, which is ever nondual.+

Manduka Upanishad shows how one opinion may be used to contradict another so that both may be thrown away. Opinions are not for philosophy; as Ashtavakra says, they are merely an illusion; it wants the truth.

Presently your judgment of the worldview is based on the dualistic perspective. The dualistic judgment is based on the ‘I’, which is ignorance. Thus, whatever is based on the dualistic perspective is ignorance.

All your opinion, judgment, and argument based on a dualistic perspective are nothing but ignorance not concerned with the truth hidden by the ‘I’, which is the dualistic illusion.

The look of an object will depend upon the medium through which the observer views it. In fact, our mental and intellectual conditions determine the world, observed and experienced. The commoner viewing the world will see differently from a Gnani viewing the same world. Each one interprets the world that they see in terms of their existing knowledge. The commoner sees everything based on the ego, therefore, experiences birth, life, death, and the world as a reality, whereas a Gnani sees everything as consciousness and he is fully aware of the fact that, there is no second thing that exists other than the Soul or consciousness. Thus, all the egocentric (religious) adulteration has to be bifurcated to realize the ultimate truth, which is beyond form, time, and space.

The ‘I’ is both real and unreal. It is real because it is a manifestation of consciousness, but is unreal, in the sense, that it is not absolute and eternal like consciousness itself

People's approach is more practical, and they stuck with the reality of the ‘I’, they take it as real. That is why all the confusion.

The ‘Self’ is hidden by the ‘I’.

The ‘I’ is present only when the mind is present. The mind is present only when the world is present. The world is present only when there is a waking experience.

A deeper self-search reveals the fact that the waking experience is not considered different from the world. The world is not considered different from the mind. The mind is not considered different from the I’. This truth has to be assimilated.

The ‘I’ is merely an illusion created out of the Soul, which is present in the form of consciousness. ‘I’ is not the subject. The ‘I’ is an object to the Soul, which is the formless, timeless, and spaceless subject.

Remember:~

If the ‘I’ is an illusion then the world in which you exist is bound to be an illusion.

If the ‘I’ is an illusion then three states, are bound to be an illusion.

If the ‘I’ is an illusion then the form, time, and space are bound to be an illusion.

If the I’ is an illusion then the individual experience of birth, life, and death is bound to be an illusion.

If the ‘I’ is an illusion then the words and thoughts are bound to be an illusion.

If the ‘I’ is an illusion then the duality is bound to be an illusion.

Remember:~

When the ‘I; is present then the world in which you exist is present.

When the ‘I is absent then the world in which you exist is absent.

The one which is aware of the coming and going, of the ‘I’, is not you but the Soul, the innermost Self.

The seeker has to make sure what is this ‘I’ supposed to be in actuality. The seeker has to make sure the unreal nature of the ‘I’ which comes and goes in order to realize the truth, which is beyond the form, time, and space

That is why Bhagavad Gita: ~ “The permanent is always there, only the transient ‘I’ comes and goes. (2.18)

The ‘I’ hides the Soul, the Self.

People think the ‘I’ without the body is the Self. The seeker has to understand the fact that ‘I’ is not the Self, but the witness of the ‘I’ is the true Self, which is eternal.

That is why Ashtavakra Gita 16:10:~ If you desire liberation, but you still say "I," If you feel the ‘Self’ is the ‘I’, You are not a wise man or a seeker. You are simply a man who suffers.

People are stuck with the reality of the ‘I’, which they take it as real because some Gurus have propagated the Self is the ‘I’. There is no need to convince such a mindset. The seeker of truth accepts only the truth nothing but the truth.

If you are a seeker then you must think, you must reason, and you must learn to think on the Soulcentric was; by thinking and reasoning in a soul-centric way you can learn to view and judge the worldview from the non-dualistic perspective then only it is possible to unfold the truth, which is hidden by the ‘I’. : ~ Santthosh Kumaar

The Soul, the Self does not disappear only the ‘I’ appears and disappears.+

The Soul, the Self does not disappear only the ‘I’ appears and disappears. ‘Ignorance is present in the form of the ‘I’. The ignorance appears and disappears.

Ignorance is a dualistic illusion. The dualistic illusion is present in the form of the mind. The mind is present in the form of form, time, and space; the form, time, and space are present in the form of the universe the universe appears as a waking or dream (duality) and disappears as deep sleep (non-duality).

Without ignorance, the ‘I’ ceases to exist. If the ‘I’ cease then the mind, the form, time, and space, the universe, and the waking cease together.

Ignorance is the cause of the forgetfulness of the reality hidden by the ‘I’.

Realize, ‘what is this ‘I’ supposed to be in actuality and what is hidden by the ‘I’ will be revealed.

Remember:~

If you realize the ‘Self ‘is not the ‘I’ but the Soul then whatever is hidden by the ‘I’ will be revealed.

If there is no ignorance then there is no ‘I’. If there is no ‘I’ then there is the bondage of the dualistic illusion.

If there is no dualistic illusion there is the experience of birth, life, death, and the world.

If there is no experience of birth, life, death, and the world it is the fullness of the consciousness.

The fullness of the consciousness means the Soul the eternal existence.

The seeker has to make sure what is this ‘I’ supposed to be in actuality. The seeker has to make sure the unreal nature of the ‘I’ which comes and goes in order to realize the truth, which is beyond form, time, and space.

That is why Bhagavad Gita: ~ The permanent is always there, only the transient ‘I’ comes and goes. (2.18)

The ‘I’ hides the Soul, the Self, which is the cause of the illusory universe

Bhagavad Gita: ~ “You must first see the ‘I’ as illusory before you see others as illusory. ~ CH.2 v.16

Remember:~

The ‘Self is not ‘I’ or ‘I AM’. The ‘I’ or ‘IAM is an object to the Soul which is the ‘I-LESS’ subject.

People think the ‘I’ without the body is the Self. The seeker has to understand the fact that ‘I’ is not the Self, but the witness of the ‘I’ is the true Self, which is eternal.

That is why Ashtavakra Gita 16:10:~ If you desire liberation, but you still say "I," if you feel the ‘Self’ is the ‘I’, you are not a wise man or a seeker. You are simply a man who suffers.

Realizing the Soul is not the ‘I’ but the Soul is the Self, is Self–realization.

That is why the Bhagavad Gita says: ~ “Among thousands of men, scarcely one strives for perfection; and of those who strive and succeed, scarcely one knows the ‘Self’ in truth. : ~ Santthosh Kumaar

The individuals are many but the Soul is one. The individual exists within the illusory universe.+


Many souls theory is based on the false self (ego) and false experience(world). When the whole universe is created out of single stuff, which is the Soul then whatever the universe contains is also consciousness.
Thus, the Soul is one and in ignorance, the diversity (world) appears as a reality.
Sage Sankara asks his opponents ~ "How do you know there are separate individual Souls? Have you seen the Soul of a man? You can only say that you have seen different bodies. To say more is to misuse language. Therefore, I call you liars unless you give proof, which is impossible.
Rig Veda: ~ The Atman is the cause; Atman is the support of all that exists in this universe.

So, it proves the Soul is not an individual but it is the support of all that exists in this universe.

Remember:~

The Soul is not limited to an individual. The individuals are many but the Soul is one. The individual exists within the illusory universe. The Soul is the cause of the illusory universe and it itself is uncaused.

The Soul is not within the human body but it is hidden by the illusory universe or Maya. The illusory universe is created out of single stuff. That single stuff is the Soul, which is present in the form of consciousness. Thus, whatever the universe contains is bound to be the Soul, which is present in the form of consciousness.
In the dream world, the dream people appeared together and disappeared together. Similarly, the waking world and waking people appeared together and disappeared together.

Thus, the dream is created out of single stuff and that stuff is the Soul, which is present in the form of consciousness. In the same way, the waking experience also created out single stuff. And that single stuff is consciousness. The Soul, which is present in the form of consciousness is the cause of the three states and it itself is uncaused.

The many soul theories are religious and yogic fables based on the false self (ego) and false experience (waking).
Knowledge of the single stuff is the Self-knowledge of Brahma Gnana or Atma Gnana.

Remember:~
Like an ornament made from gold is Gold, that which is born out of consciousness is consciousness. Like gold is the permanent thing, in ornaments made of gold, similarly, the mind, which is in the form of the universe is born out of consciousness, is consciousness in its essence.
Deeper self-search reveals the fact that you are not the Self, the world in which you exist is the Soul, which is present in the form of consciousness, but consciousness is specifically not an entity or identity or a thing within the world in which you exist. But it is the cause of the world in which you exist and it itself is uncaused.
The Soul is hidden by the illusory world in which you exist. It is hidden by the world because the in which you exist is nothing but an illusion created out of consciousness. The nature of the Soul is ever nondual, a formless, timeless, and spaceless existence.
Thus, it is necessary to realize the world in which you exist is created out of single stuff, which is consciousness. Consciousness is the ultimate truth or Brahman or God in truth.

God in truth alone is real; the world in which you exist is merely an illusion created out of consciousness.
It takes time for the seeker to gain the perfect understanding of ‘what is the truth?’ and ‘’what is untruth?
It takes time for the Soul, the Self to wake up from the sleep of ignorance, and it takes time for one realizes the truth, which is hidden by the illusory form, time, and space.: ~Santthosh Kumaar

Saturday 27 August 2022

Buddha and Mahavira were the first to attack the Vedas. Lord Krishna himself spoke against them long before these two religious leaders.+

Bhagavan Buddha and Mahavira were the first to attack the Vedas. Lord Krishna himself spoke against them long before these two religious leaders.

Vedanta Lord teaches us in the Gita and in it, he lashes out against the karmakanda. It is generally believed that the Buddha and Mahavira were the first to attack the Vedas.
It is not so. Lord Krishna himself spoke against them long before these two religious leaders. At one place in the Gita, he says to Arjuna: "The Vedas are associated with the three qualities of Sattva, rajas, and tamas.
You must transcend these three qualities. Full of desire, they (the practitioners of Vedic rituals) long for paradise and keep thinking of pleasures and material prosperity. They are born again and again and their minds are never fixed in samadhi, these men clinging to Vedic rituals. “In another passage, Lord Krishna says: "Not by the Vedas is ‘Self’ to be realized, nor by sacrifices nor by much study”.

Remember:~

Ashtavakra:~There is no wisdom whatsoever in the scriptures-just a collection of words.
Sage Sankara:~ VC~.61. For one who has been bitten by the serpent of Ignorance, the only remedy is the knowledge of Brahman. Of what avail are the Vedas and (other) Scriptures, Mantras (sacred formulae), and medicines to such a one?
VC- v6~ Let erudite scholars quote all the scripture, let Gods be invoked through sacrifices, let elaborate rituals be performed, let personal Gods be propitiated---yet, without the realization of one‘s identity With the Self, there shall be no liberation for the individual, not even in the lifetimes of a hundred Brahmas put together
Sage Sankara goes on to say: ~A sickness of not cured by saying the word “medicine.” You must take the medicine. Liberation does not come by merely saying the word “Brahman (God).” Brahman must be realized. Until you allow this apparent universe to dissolve from your consciousness until you have realized Brahman, how can you find liberation just by saying the word Brahman? The result is merely noise. Until a man has destroyed his enemies and taken possession of the splendor and wealth of the kingdom, he cannot become a king by simply saying “I am a king.”
A buried treasure is not uncovered by merely uttering the words: “Come forth.” You must follow the right directions, dig, remove the stones and earth from above it, and then make it your own. In the same way, the pure truth of the Atman, which is buried under Maya and the effects of Maya, can be reached by meditation, contemplation, and other spiritual disciplines but never by subtle arguments.:~

Self-knowledge cannot be attained by the study of the scriptures and intellectual understanding or by bookish knowledge. Therefore, there is no use in studying the scriptures and other scriptures in order to acquire non-dual wisdom. That is why Bhagavan Buddha rejected the scriptures, and even Sage  Sankara indicated that the ultimate truth lies beyond religion, the concept of God, and the scriptures.

Sage Sankara does not believe in the book. Sage Sankara denies the authority of any book over any other book. He denies emphatically any one book contains all the truths about Brahman or God, Soul, the ultimate reality.

Sage Sankara says: ~ VC-162- There is no liberation for a person of mere bookish knowledge, howsoever well-read in the philosophy of Vedanta, so long as one does not give up the false identification with the body, sense organs, etc., which are unreal.

It is impossible to realize the Self through bookish knowledge. A feeling of profound respect for physical Guru is still more difficult to uphold. If you are seeking truth know must not cling to any physical Guru or his teaching.

Tripura Rahasya: ~ Second-hand knowledge of the Self-gathered from books or Gurus can never emancipate a man until its truth is rightly investigated and applied; only direct realization will do that. Realize yourself, turning the mind inward. (18: 89)

When Sag Sankara says Atman and Brahman, then the direct realization of truth is possible without the scriptures. Know the soul to be the true Self.
The Soul, the Self is present in the form of consciousness. And realize the consciousness as the ultimate truth or Brahman or God in truth.:~Santthosh Kumaar 

A Gnani works for the spritual upliftment of humanity from ignorance.+

A Gnani is not recognized by the people because he does not identify himself with religion nor does he wear a religious robe.
Manduka Upanishads: - It is not possible to recognize who is a Gnani because he bears no external mark. Neither nudity nor the yellow robe has anything to do with him.
Sage Sankara Gnani wears no signs. Gives up the insignia of a monk's life…his signs are not manifest, nor his behavior." When the knower of Brahman wears no signs -- it means he does not identify himself as a Guru or a teacher.
Sage Sankara says: - A Gnani~ “Sometimes he appears to be a fool, sometimes a wise man. Sometimes he seems splendid as a king, sometimes feeble-minded. Sometimes he is calm and silent. Sometimes he draws men to him. Sometimes people honor him greatly, sometimes they insult him. Sometimes they ignore him.
A Gnani never identifies himself as a swami, Guru, pundit, or yogi.
Sage Sankara himself said: ~ A Gnani "bears no outward mark of a holy man" (Stanza 539).
A person who realized the ultimate truth or Brahman will throw off his religious robe and his religious identity and becomes Avadhuta and live as he wishes.
Sage Sankara: ~ "Though I wear these robes of a Sanyasin, it is only for the sake of bread." (Select Works of Sage Sankara" also his commentary on Brihad)
Thus, the above passage proves that all those who ware the sanyasin robes are wearing them for the sake of bread and belong to the religion; they are nothing to do with Self-knowledge or Brahma Gnana or Atma Gnana.

Thus, it proves that religious Gurus and yogis are not Gnanis because they identified themselves as holy people.

A Gnani never claims himself as a Gnani, he guides the seekers, not posing himself as a Guru, and he does not force his wisdom on others

People see god only through their religious spectacle. They fail to recognize the truth hidden by

A Gnani can point at the sky, but the seeing of the star is the seeker's own work. A Gnani works for the spiritual upliftment of humanity from ignorance.

When Jesus came to his village he was very surprised - the people of the village didn't bother him at all. Jesus has said a prophet is never respected in his own country. What is the reason? Why won't the village respect its prophet? The village people have seen him as the son of the carpenter Joseph, saw him carrying wood, saw him planning wood, saw him sawing wood, saw him bathed in sweat, saw him playing and fighting in the streets. The people of the village have known him since childhood, and have seen him there as a seed. How is it possible that he suddenly becomes the son of God! No, those who saw the seed cannot accept the flower. They say there must be some fraud, some cheating; this man is a hypocrite.

Remember:~

Even friends and family members of a Gnani will not know him as the Gnani.

Due to ignorance, people will not be able to recognize a Gnani. Outwardly the Gnani behaves as an ordinary person behaves.

A Gnani talks and jokes like others, but he is not understood as he really is.

People may regard him as an exceptional person, but only a few can recognize him as a Gnani.

Remember:~

A Gnani is not recognized by the people because he does not identify himself with religion nor does he wear a religious robe.

All the Gurus and yogis are holy people who belong to religion and yoga, not spirituality. Advaitic Gnana is nothing to do with the Gurus, yogis, pundits, and priests.

Advaitic Gnana is not for those who believe in religion, or religious Gods, and are stuck up with religious rituals and ceremonies. Religious believers are not truth-seekers because they have accepted their religious propagated blind faith or blind belief as the ultimate truth.

Advaitic Gnana is knowledge of the Spirit, the God in truth. God in truth is Advaita, the one without the Second.

A person who realized the ultimate truth or Brahman will throw off his religious robe and all religious identity and live like a commoner.

A Gnani never identifies himself as a Gnani nor does he identify himself as superior to others. He only shares his knowledge with fellow seekers.

A Gnani never identifies himself as a Guru or a Yogi or someone disciple. The one who accepts himself as a Guru or someone’s disciple is not a Gnani.

Ashtavakra Samhita: ~ "The man of knowledge (Gnani), though living like an ordinary man, is contrary to him and only those like him understand his state.

If you are trying to become a Guru or Monk then you are unfit to acquire Self -knowledge. Someone posing as a Gnani, because he is some Gurus’ direct disciple cannot be a Gnani. Those who pose themselves as Gnanis are not Gnanis. A Gnani never poses himself as a Guru, a swami, a sadhu, a yogi, or some Guru’s disciple.

Different Gurus and teachers are pointing out the understanding of the Advaitic truth from different standpoints. All such understanding of Advaita is on the dualistic perspective accumulated from here and there. :~Santthosh Kumaar

Bhagavata says by acquiring Self- knowledge or Brahma Gnana or Atma Gnana becomes a Brahmin, not because one is born in a Brahmin caste.+

Bhagavata says by acquiring Self- knowledge or Brahma Gnana or Atma Gnana becomes a Brahmin, not because one is born in a Brahmin caste. Sag...